cluttered: 집이 정돈이 되지 않은 상태는 unorganised 보다 cluttered가 자연스러움
dusky: dark in colour
dusky red / dusky pink
gait: a particular way of walking
He walked with a slow stiff gait.
get the feel of something / get the feel of how to do something
get the feeling of how to handle a boat
It took a long time before I really got the feel of riding.
what the future holds: If you say that the future holds something, you mean that that thing will happen
Who can tell what the future holds?
hold someone/something up: to delay someone or something
The traffic held us up
We were held up by an accident
hunk:
a large, thick piece, especially of food: a hunk of bread / cheese / meat
a tall, strong, attractive man
more of + a [Noun] than: ~라기 보다는 ~에 가깝다.
He is more of a friend than a boss.
It’s more of a hobby than a career for me.
Rather than X, it’s more of Y.
Not only but also 를 전체 절에 적용 (Not only 절의 Inversion 주의)
Not only did it take hours, but it also drained my energy.
It didn’t just take hours - it drained my energy too.
sedentary (/ˈsed.ən.tər.i/): involving little exercise or physical activity
My doctor says I should start playing sport because my lifestyle is too sedentary.
stroke(noun)에 쓰다듬다는 의미도 있음. An act of moving your hand, another part of the body, or an object gently over something or someone, ususally repeatedly and for pleasure
Don’t be frightened, just give the horse a stroke.
비양심적에 가까운 표현: shameless
It took + person + amount of time + to do something: journey 자체의 duration 보다 그 사람의 경험에 조금 더 focus
It took me three hours to finish the book.
It took her 20 minutes to get ready.
It took us an hour to get home.
quotation marks("") 사용 주의. 강조의 의미로 사용하지만, 영어에서 많은 경우 doubt나 irony로 읽힘
틀리게 / 부정확하게 알고 있었던 내용
부사 위치 주의
became completely sunny
should always be
gerund vs. infinitive 주의
the first time making (O) / the first time to make (X)
problem, difficulty, trouble 모두 ing
problem with -ing / difficulty -ing / trouble -ing
ability, chance, opportunity와 같은 미래를 향하는 명사는 to + verb
ability to - / chance to - / opportunity to -
요일과 마찬가지로 last week, last year 등 기간 앞에 next/this/last 등이 오면 전치사 생락
appropriate는 판단을 수반하는 다소 강한 표현이라.
it isn’t appropriate 보다는 it doesn’t feel appropriate로 완화시키거나
is isn’t suitable for를 사용
call은 타동사. call to somebody라고 하지 않도록 주의. call somebody (O)
consider는 as를 쓰지 않음
consider A as B / call A as B
I condider myself lucky / Do you consider him a friend of yours?
반면에, regard A as B / see A as B / view A as B / describe A as B
cost(verb)의 과거, 과거 완료는 모두 cost. costed(X)
I don’t know why, but I guess .. 는 정확하지 않은 표현. guess를 한다는 건 확실하진 않지만 완전 모르지는 않은 상태라, I’m not sure why, 라고 하는 것이 정확함.
fee: countable noun임. 관사 필요.
a parking fee / an admission fee
feedback: 전치사는 on을 쓰고 uncountable임
feedback of (X) feedback from (X) / I had three feedbacks (X)
get up vs. wake up: wake up는 잠에서 깨는 것. 눈 뜨는 것. get up은 침대에서 나오는 것.
(class) hold vs. run: class organiser가 hold 하고 class는 run 또는 take place 함
they hold a class / the class runs every Tuesday
home (there, inside, outside 등도 마찬가지) 앞에 전치사 to를 쓰지 않도록 주의
the way back to home (X) the way back home (O)
hope는 object + to 부정사를 못 씀
I hope him to continue (X) / I want him to continue (O)
I hope he continues (O)
wish, expect, would like는 want와 같이 사용 가능
an hour and a half or one and a half hours: one and half hour (X)
how something looks / what something looks like
how something looks like (X)
improve가 자동사로도 쓰임. 꾸역꾸역 수동태로 쓰지 않도록 주의. 특히 현재 완료나 현재 진행일 때.
My English is being improved (X) / My English is improving (O)
My English has been being improved (X) / My English has been improving (O)
change, grow, develop, increase 다 마찬가지.
외부 주체가 개선을 시키는 명확한 상황은 예외.
the system is being improved by the developers.
다시 정리하면,
My English has improved. (O, 가장 자연스러움)
I’ve improved my English. (O, 내가 노력했음을 강조)
My English has been improved (by him). (드물게, 내가 아닌 다른 주체가 개선 시켜준 경우)
nearby는 부사 또는 형용사. 전치사처럼 쓸 때는 near를 써야 함.
is located nearby / a nearby park / is located near my office (O)
pain은 Uncountable. -ache는 Countable
shoulder pain / a headache
reason에는 for를 써야 됨. by 가 아님.
tee-off는 동사로 쓰이고 (we teeed off at 1:30) 시각을 지칭할 때는 그냥 tee time
the whole vs. all
the whole + singular: the whole book, the whole day, the whole time
all + plural: all five books, all the students
wonder:
I just wondered: 질문을 부드럽게 할 때
It made me wonder: 마음속에 궁금증이 떠 오를 대
입에 붙게 연습할 내용
~한 김에
Since I was already out, I grabbed some groceries. (가장 편안한 표현)
I washed my car, and while I was at it, I cleaned the inside too.
Taking advantage of already being in XX, I stopped by the YY. (불필요하게 복잡..)
One downside is …
not for any other reason but simply for … 더 간단하고 Casual하게는 for no other reason than
I’d done something before, but it was the first time I’d done something else.
ended up:
We tried to leave early, but we ended up staying until midnight.
I only planned to buy one book, but I ended up buying five.
We tried to order as little as possible, but we ended up with an expensive bill.
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